He hinted obliquely that William and Matilda were, The exact date of the marriage is unknown, but it was probably in 1051 or 1052, and certainly before the end of 1053, as Matilda is named as William's wife in a. theling means "prince of the royal house" and usually denoted a son or brother of a ruling king. Park Street Congregational Church, Boston. left and came back later with some help, but Sams friends came to his aid Although Alexander did give papal approval to the conquest after it succeeded, no other source claims papal support prior to the invasion. [100] In 1070 William also founded Battle Abbey, a new monastery at the site of the Battle of Hastings, partly as a penance for the deaths in the battle and partly as a memorial to the dead. King Philip of France later relieved the siege and defeated William at the Battle of Dol in 1076, forcing him to retreat back to Normandy. [109] William returned to England later in 1075 to deal with the Danish threat, leaving his wife Matilda in charge of Normandy. It seems that a British soldier Thomas died in Plymouth June 7, 1654. William was the son of the Norman Duke Robert the Magnificent and the unnamed daughter of a tanner. Mary was the widow of King Louis XII of France, who had 10711087)", "Robert, duke of Normandy (b. in or after 1050, d. 1134)", "Les femmes dans l'histoire du duch de Normandie (Women in the history of ducal Normandy)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_the_Conqueror&oldid=1152709080, This page was last edited on 1 May 2023, at 21:01. Her rule was contested by Robert, Baldwin's brother. Rhode Island. de Gray. Parish Registers of Stapleford Tawney, Essex Co., England, as printed at There were probably other reasons for William's delay, including intelligence reports from England revealing that Harold's forces were deployed along the coast. that John Gray was not native to Stapleford Tawney, but was only a resident [112] Roger was a Norman, son of William fitzOsbern, but had inherited less authority than his father held. Hubert was besieged in his castle at Sainte-Suzanne by William's forces for at least two years, but he eventually made his peace with the king and was restored to favour. [92], William may have hoped the English would surrender following his victory, but they did not. [29] Although the Battle of Val-s-Dunes marked a turning point in William's control of the duchy, it was not the end of his struggle to gain the upper hand over the nobility. [109], Earl Ralph had secured control of the castle at Dol, and in September 1076 William advanced into Brittany and laid siege to the castle. money from Benjamin Franklin for passage home. [100] The historian David Bates sees this coronation as the ceremonial papal "seal of approval" for William's conquest. His conquest had major implications for the history of both regions, from displacing much of the pre-Conquest Anglo-Saxon nobility to reshaping the English language.. William's early life. [132], William took over an English government that was more complex than the Norman system. [61] By 1050, however, relations between the king and the earl had soured, culminating in a crisis in 1051 that led to the exile of Godwin and his family from England. The ceremony took place in Westminster. Mortemer thus marked another turning point in William's growing control of the duchy,[39] although his conflict with the French king and the Count of Anjou continued until 1060. [q] Another reason for the appointment may have been pressure from the papacy to appoint Lanfranc. I have therefore made yet another attempt the produce the Descendants of William the Conqueror in text . [143] How abrupt and far-reaching the changes were is still a matter of debate among historians, with some such as Richard Southern claiming that the Conquest was the single most radical change in European history between the Fall of Rome and the 20th century. Anschetil de Gray xxxx xxxxxxx London, England. Thomas, baptized July 16, 1620 (no further mention). The name has various spellings and includes GRAY and GREY - sometimes different spellings occur in the same generation of a single family.The first Gray to arrive in the United States was John Gray in about 1620.The origins of the name would seem to be multiple. Prescott Sheldon Bush (1895-1972), US Senator. in the Reign of William the Conqueror, are the Amoreal bearings of Paganus The list below shows descent from William the Conqueror (see Descendants of William I of England for another list). William of Jumiges claimed that Harold was killed by the duke. [51] Examination of William's femur, the only bone to survive when the rest of his remains were destroyed, showed he was approximately 5feet 10inches (1.78m) in height. Each shire was administered by a royal official called a sheriff, who roughly had the same status as a Norman viscount. Early Life. [97] FitzOsbern and Odo found it difficult to control the native population and undertook a programme of castle building to maintain their hold on the kingdom. Six of the names in the John Gray In England and Ireland Grey is still used, in Scotland They included the duke's uncle Robert, the archbishop of Rouen, who had originally opposed the duke; Osbern, a nephew of Gunnor the wife of Richard I; and Gilbert of Brionne, a grandson of Richard I. A Marcher Lordship passed from an Owain to son-in-law John Charleton. On the death William then moved to Hastings, a few miles to the east, where he built a castle as a base of operations. In addition to ending both invasions, the battle allowed the duke's ecclesiastical supporters to depose Archbishop Mauger. It is unclear what exactly happened at Edward's deathbed. [4] In an effort to improve matters, King thelred the Unready took Emma, sister of Richard II, Duke of Normandy, as his second wife in 1002. in and about London. Wikimedia Commons. In 1402 Owain, He enjoyed excellent health until old age, although he became quite fat in later life. [93] These captures secured William's rear areas and also his line of retreat to Normandy, if that was needed. Sir John Gray, Knight of Berwick, 1372, was father This campaign, which included the burning and destruction of part of the countryside that the royal forces marched through, is usually known as the "Harrying of the North"; it was over by April 1070, when William wore his crown ceremonially for Easter at Winchester. Harold's sons were meanwhile raiding the southwest of England from a base in Ireland. [146], William and his wife Matilda had at least nine children. Earl of Kent, Chief of the ancient and illustrious house of Gray, so dignified Edgar the theling also appears to have been given lands. William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, King of England, 1. [138], William left Normandy to Robert, and the custody of England was given to William's second surviving son, also called William, on the assumption that he would become king. 1. William the Conqueror; Issue Detail: Robert II, Duke of Normandy Richard Adeliza Cecilia William II, King of England Constance, Duchess of Brittany Adela, Countess of Blois Henry I, King of England . With a swift campaign, William seized Le Mans from Fulk's forces, completing the campaign by 30 March 1073. Clarke in the "Clarkes Genealogies" quotes from the The Known as 'William the Bastard' to his contemporaries, his illegitimacy shaped his career when he was young. English resistance had also begun, with Eadric the Wild attacking Hereford and revolts at Exeter, where Harold's mother Gytha was a focus of resistance. Edward, baptized April 15, 1623 (no further mention). William, son of Ellery, who were obscure, possibly intentionally leaving to that King, receiving possessions in Roufield shire of Roxburgh. The Grays in Ireland, usually Before he became a monk, Simon handed his county of the Vexin over to King Philip. William the Conqueror and his son Robert, 1865 (Credit: John Cassell). They were the parents of at least 4 sons and 5 daughters. [72] Harold's claim to the throne was not entirely secure, as there were other claimants, perhaps including his exiled brother Tostig. [93], William remained in England after his coronation and tried to reconcile the native magnates. Sir Edward de Gray married daughter The seal shows a mounted knight and is the first extant example of an. [99] Waltheof, who had joined the revolt, submitted, along with Gospatric, and both were allowed to retain their lands. John Gray was married before going to Stapleford, and [138], Disorder followed William's death; everyone who had been at his deathbed left the body at Rouen and hurried off to attend to their own affairs. His marriage to Matilda appears to have been quite affectionate, and there are no signs that he was unfaithful to her unusual in a medieval monarch. Conan's death in 1066 further secured William's borders in Normandy. His sons also lost much of their control over Maine, which revolted in 1089 and managed to remain mostly free of Norman influence thereafter. [o] William ordered that the body was to be thrown into the sea, but whether that took place is unclear. Thomas were sent to America by relatives who were scheming for the property So William had three kids we care about: William II, Henry I and Adela. His consolidation of power allowed him to expand his horizons, and he secured control of the neighbouring county of Maine by 1062. He was of Viking extraction. She was a nobody, likely the daughter of a tanner and far, far below his father's station. He finally crossed the Thames at Wallingford in early December. While seizing Mantes, William either fell ill or was injured by the pommel of his saddle. and heiress of Henry heir apparent of William.". Museum number . [112], The exact reason for the rebellion is unclear, but it was launched at the wedding of Ralph to a relative of Roger, held at Exning in Suffolk. Robert raided into Lothian and forced Malcolm to agree to terms, building a fortification (the 'new castle') at Newcastle upon Tyne while returning to England. According to stories that may have legendary elements, an attempt was made to seize William at Valognes, but he escaped under cover of darkness, seeking refuge with King Henry. In 1047, William was able to quash a rebellion and begin to establish his authority over the duchy, a process that was not complete until about 1060. The Gray family in America is numerous, widespread and consists of many Within the first century, between 1620 and 1720, research indicates that Although English and Norman forces remained on alert throughout 1085 and into 1086, the invasion threat was ended by Cnut's death in July 1086. [22] Yet another guardian, Osbern, was slain in the early 1040s in William's chamber while the duke slept. "They built castles far and wide, oppressing the unhappy people", wept the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for 1066. King Robert Bruce when he ascended the throne. [30], William's next efforts were against Guy of Burgundy, who retreated to his castle at Brionne, which William besieged. The Norman conquest changed all that. [104], In 1071 William defeated the last rebellion of the north. The French king, seeking a focus for those opposed to William's power, then proposed that Edgar be given the castle of Montreuil-sur-Mer on the Channel, which would have given Edgar a strategic advantage against William. Although he led an expedition into Maine, the result was instead a negotiated settlement arranged by a papal legate. Henry's about-face was probably motivated by a desire to retain dominance over Normandy, which was now threatened by William's growing mastery of his duchy. [3] Normandy may have been used as a base when Scandinavian attacks on England were renewed at the end of the 10th century, which would have worsened relations between England and Normandy. After returning to Normandy in 1072, he spent around 130 months in Normandy as against about 40 months in England. According to the historian David Bates, this probably means that little of note happened, and that because William was on the continent, there was nothing for the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle to record. An early documented person was Anchetil de Greye - a vassal of William the Conqueror of Normandy (now part of France) and who accompan. Central to the control of Maine were the holdings of the Bellme family, who held Bellme on the border of Maine and Normandy, as well as the fortresses at Alenon and Domfront. A descendant or member of the same family became Chamberlain The elder John de Gray had a son, Henry He then proceeded to buy off the Danes. Northumberland persuaded the sickly Edward VI to name Lady Jane Grey as his heir just before his death on 6 July 1553. and the brawl that developed ended in a draw. Although William of Jumiges's claim that the ducal fleet numbered 3,000 ships is clearly an exaggeration, it was probably large and mostly built from scratch. Norsemen first began raiding in what became Normandy in the late 8th century. Born circa 1028 in Falaise, Normandy, France, William the Conqueror was an illegitimate child of Robert I, duke of Normandy, who died in 1035 while returning from a pilgrimage to . Family visits Group . William I (c. 1028 - 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman king of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087.A descendant of Rollo, he was Duke of Normandy from 1035 onward. homes in the New World. Because it's the olden days, people had lots of kids, but to keep things simple this family tree is going to leave out many of them on each branch because not every child matters. After waiting a short while, William secured Dover, parts of Kent, and Canterbury, while also sending a force to capture Winchester, where the royal treasury was. Gray instead of Grey is almost universally used in the different branches Some appear to have been reluctant to take up lands in a kingdom that did not always appear pacified. By far the most disturbing fact . Edgar, having lost much of his support, fled to Scotland,[98] where King Malcolm III was married to Edgar's sister Margaret. They served their country Harold, perhaps to secure the support of Edwin and Morcar in his bid for the throne, supported the rebels and persuaded King Edward to replace Tostig with Morcar. William responded swiftly, ignoring a continental revolt in Maine, and symbolically wore his crown in the ruins of York on Christmas Day 1069. Scotland and Ireland. England was divided into shires or counties, which were further divided into either hundreds or wapentakes. William was crowned King of England on December 25, 1066. He took part in church councils and made several appointments to the Norman episcopate, including the appointment of Maurilius as Archbishop of Rouen. diverse branches. [79] Harold kept his forces on alert throughout the summer, but with the arrival of the harvest season he disbanded his army on 8 September. The first of this line left Tiverton to settle all across the country. Others have viewed him as an enemy of the English constitution, or alternatively as its creator.
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